ZTNA
Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) is a security service that provides secure, identity-aware access to specific applications — replacing traditional VPNs by granting per-session, least-privilege access to individual resources rather than broad network access.
⚙️ How Does It Work?
Users authenticate strongly (MFA + device compliance). The ZTNA service evaluates identity, device posture, and context against policy, then creates an encrypted tunnel directly to the specific application — never exposing the network.
📍 Where Is It Used?
Remote access, cloud application access, third-party vendor access — any scenario where VPN's "castle and moat" approach creates excessive lateral movement risk.
💡 Real-World Example
A company replaces its Cisco VPN with Zscaler ZTNA. Remote employees no longer connect to the entire corporate network — they connect to specific applications (SAP, SharePoint, etc.) based on their identity and device posture. A compromised endpoint can no longer spread ransomware across the network.
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